Determination of suitable feeds for western white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) broodstock maturation

Abstract

For the successful breeding of western white shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) brooders (females and males), we used cuttle fish (Sepia pharaonis) and sand worm (Perinereis nuntica) of Persian Gulf as principle feeds, 3 times a day, and from cow livier and edible bivalve meat (Solen brevis) of Persian Gulf, as secondary feeds, 1 time a day. Nutritional value of Sepia pharaonis, Perinereis nuntica and Solen brevis, with determination of the amount of fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), stearic acid (18:00), oleic acid (18:1n-9), palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid, essential amino acids inclusive arginine, lysine, leucine, isoleusine, threonine, valine, histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophane and crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and moisture were done in laboratory. The results showed that, the amount of essential amino acides and nonessential amino acides (in the more causes) in Sepia pharaonis were more than Solen brevis and in Solen brevis more than Perinereis nuntica. Only nonessential amino acides, glysine and alanine in Solen brevis were more than Sepia pharaonis. Also in chemical analysis of wet feeds determined that, crude protein percent in cattle fish was 2.9 times and 2.2 times more than Solen brevis and Perinereis nuntica, respectively. The crude fat in cattle fish was 2.1 times and 1.6 times more than Solen brevis and Perinereis nuntica respectively. Tottaly, the amount of essential fatty acides in Sepia pharaonis and Perinereis nuntica were more than Solen brevis, and in Sepia pharaonis and Perinereis nuntica were almost, equal. Total lipids of Sepia pharaonis, Perinereis nuntica and Solen brevis determined 7.92, 5.90 and 3.63 percent respectively. Totally the percent of fatty acids in cattle fish and Perinereis nuntica is almost equal and was more than Solen brevis meat. We can noted that, the Sepia pharaonis and Perinereis nuntica are suitable as principle feed and Solen brevis and cow livier, as secondary feed for L.vannamei broodstock maturation.