Effect of vertical angle and hydraulic properties on flow distribution of single dense jet using physical model

Abstract

One of the solutions for the rapid draw down influences of sewage into stagnant ambient fluids such as seas and oceans is the utilizing of submerged jets. The exploitation of submerged jets reduces the peril and risk of creating wastewater to ambient environment in the water resources. The injection flow that is evacuated via the submerged jets is affected by the environmental, geometrical and hydraulic variables of the jet. This study shall focus on the impact of the vertical angle; draw down discharge and density of the flow on the distribution pattern of a single density jet. In the experiments programming, a physical model was used and a total of 27 tests were performed. The experiments were carried out on 3 vertical angles of 30°, 45° and 60° respectively, 3 discharge rates and 3 different concentration of the injected fluid. The results obtained is focused on the maximum height parameters (Zmax/dp) of the trajectories curve due to the greatest amount of mixing of the upper layers of ambient fluid and the jet flow injection occurs. Moreover; a direct relationship can be observed between the non-dimensional parameters of the maximum height of trajectory point and the Densymetric Frude number in all of the vertical angles. While, the slope coefficient of this variation for the angles of 30°, 45° and 60° degrees are 1.18, 1.97 and 2.33 respectively. Findings show a 72% decrease of longitudinal parameter of trajectory (Xmax/dp) due to increasing vertical angle from 30 to 60 degrees. In addition, in the lower vertical angles of jets the effect of Densymetric Frude number is increased.