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Clasificación de la linea costera de la isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos a partir imágenes satelitales

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Author
Nativí Merchán, Sophia
López Moncada, Mónica
Martillo Bustamante, Carlos
Corporate Author
Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada, Ministerio de Defensa Nacional
Date
2018

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Alternative Title
Classification of the coastal line of Santa Cruz island, Galapagos to start satellite images
Abstract
The Galapagos Archipelago is a natural laboratory in which coastal zone are developing special ecological environments, and where are carrying outimportant human activities for the ecuadorian economy. In order to manage these coasts, it is required an adequate classification of its reliefs which permit us to identify natural areas where certain biological species could develop, as well as to identify its possible use for human activities. However, the lack of information on the islands, due to the extension and to the difficulties to access to some areas, it is required to apply the use of remote sensors and geographic information systems (GIS) to obtain this coastal classification. For getting this goal in the Santa Cruz island we used a remote sensing image from the Sentinel 2A, with a combination of bands RGB 12, 4, 2. This data, in addition to the satellite image with high spatial resolution shown in the Google Earth, as well as with a vectorial data provided by Charles Darwin Foundation, allowed us to realize a coastal morphological classification of the island. From this work we identified high coastal zones, formed by cliff and rocky areas, as well as low-flat coasts formed by mangroves and beaches. From this work we determined that the Santa Cruz Island is composed by 47% of rocky and cliff sareas, and with 53% of beaches and mangroves. This morphological coast classification of the Santa Cruz Island have been integrated in a GIS, giving an important resources for the coastal management of the island. Finally, we propose an analysis about the influences of different variables that could model the coastal relieve of the Santa Cruz island
El archipiélago de Galápagos es un laboratorio natural en cuya zona costera se desarrollan ambientes ecológicos muy particulares, donde a la par se realizan actividades antropogénicas de importancia económica para el país. El manejo de estas costas requiere de una adecuada clasificación de su relieve, tal que permita identificar zonas naturales donde puedan desarrollarse ciertas especies, al tiempo de identificar posible uso de actividades humanas. No obstante, la carencia de información de las islas, debido a la extensión e inaccesibilidad de algunos sitios hace necesario el uso de los sensores remotos y de los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) para obtener una clasificación de la morfología costera. Para establecer una clasificación morfológica del perfil costero de la isla Santa Cruz se usó imágenes multiespectrales del satélite SENTINEL 2ª con la composición de bandas RGB12,4,2, la misma que analizada con imágenes de alta resolución espacial de Google Earth, así como con información vectorial proporcionada por la fundación Charles Darwin, permitió determinar la morfología costera de esta isla. Se determinó en isla Santa Cruz cuatro tipos de geoformas costeras, dos con zonas bajas compuestas por manglar y playa y dos de zonas altas constituidos por acantilado y zona rocosa. A partir de este análisis se estableció que la isla Santa Cruz tiene un relieve costero compuesto de un 47% de zonas rocosas y acantilados, y un 53% de zonas bajas de playa y manglares. Esta identificación del relieve costero de Santa Cruz ha sido integrada en un SIG, generando un aporte importante para el manejo costero de la isla. Finalmente se realiza un análisis sobre las variables que estarían influenciado en el modelado del relieve costero de la isla Santa Cruz
Journal
Acta Oceanográfica del Pacífico
Volume
22
Issue/Article Nr
1
Page Range
pp.67-80
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/15422
Collections
Acta Oceanográfica del Pacífico

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