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Variación a largo término (2002-2016) en la densidad y composición del mesozooplancton indica cambio de régimen en isla Margarita (Venezuela)

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Author
Gómez Gaspar, Alfredo
Corporate Author
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - INVEMAR
Date
2019

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Alternative Title
Long-term variation (2002-2016) in mesozooplankton density and composition indicates a regime change on Margarita Island (Venezuela)
Abstract
En el este de isla Margarita (Venezuela) durante 15 años (2002 a 2016) se estudió la densidad y composición del mesozooplancton en dos estaciones fijas a cinco millas de la costa. Un total de 655 muestras se colectaron utilizando cada 15 días una red con diámetro de 1.7 m y longitud de 3.5 m (abertura de malla de 400 micras) arrastrada horizontalmente a profundidad de 10 a 15 m durante 20 minutos. La abundancia de 21 grupos planctónicos se estimó por su densidad (ind/m3) mediante contaje directo. En 13 grupos: copépodos, cladóceros, sergestidos Lucifer, zoeas de brachiura, chaetognatos, larvas de moluscos, larvas de cirripedio, mysis de peneidos, pterópodos y en el plancton gelatinoso (salpas, apendicularias, medusas, sifonóforos) se encontraron menores valores de densidad anual y de representación durante los períodos 2002-2004 y 2014-2016 mientras que en el período 2005-2013 sus valores fueron notoriamente mayores. Los huevos de sardina se apartan de la tendencia indicada, pues fueron más abundantes en 2002-2004 y 2014-2016 y tuvieron menor densidad y representación entre 2005 y 2013. La mayor abundancia de 13 grupos del mesozooplancton sugiere que ocurrió un cambio de régimen que afectó los servicios del ecosistema como la pesca de sardina, generando crisis pesquera durante aproximadamente 10 años.
In the east of Margarita Island (Venezuela), the composition and density of mesozooplankton were studied for 15 years (2002 to 2016) in two fixed stations five miles from the coast. Samples (total 655) collected biweekly by hauls using net with a diameter of 1.7 m and a length of 3.5 m (mesh size of 400 microns) towed horizontally at a depth of 10 to 15 m for 20 minutes. The abundance of the main planktonic groups (21) was estimated by their density (ind/m3) by direct counting. In 13 groups: copepods, cladocerans, sergestoids Lucifer, brachyurans zoea, chaetognaths, mollusk larvae, cirripede larvae, penaeid mysis, pteropods and in the gelatinous plankton (salps, appendicularians, jellyfish, siphonophores) during the periods 2002-2004 and 2014-2016, lower values of annual density and representation were found, while in 2005-2013 the values were notoriously higher. The sardine eggs deviate from the indicated trend, since they were more abundant in years 2002-2004 and 2014-2016 and were lower in density between 2005 and 2013. This trend was more notable in its representation (%) in mesozooplankton. Due to the greater abundance of 13 zooplankton groups and their total density, it is confirmed that a regime shift occurred affecting ecosystem services such as sardine fishing, generating an approximately 10-year long crisis
Journal
Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras
Volume
48.
Issue/Article Nr
1
Page Range
pp. 65-87
DOI
10.25268/bimc.invemar.2019.48.1.758
Resource/Dataset Location
http://boletin.invemar.org.co/index.php/boletin/article/view/850/730
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/15909
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.25268/bimc.invemar.2019.48.1.758
Scopus Count
Collections
3. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras

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