Effect of Oxadiargyl Herbicide on Physiological, Biochemical and DNA Damage in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
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Date
2018
Metadata
Показать полную информациюAbstract
In this research, the effects of oxadiargyl herbicide on physiological, biochemical, and DNA destruction rates of Caspian carp, (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated. For this purpose, 550 specimens of carp were obtained (weighed 15 ± 0.8 g) duration of research was 60 days. Temperature of water was 23-27 C°. The acute toxicity test was performed over a period of 96 hours based on OECD 203 (1992) protocol, and mortality results were recorded at 0, 24, 48, 72 in 96 hours. Chronic toxicity test was performed on the basis of the OECD 204 protocol during a 30-days period. During this period، clinical symptoms and unusual behaviors of fish and important water factors were recorded. Blood sampling was performed after 10, 20, and 30 days of adaption in order to assess the cellular and biochemical parameters of blood. To prepare tissue samples (gills, liver, kidneys, muscles, spleen), after incision, separation and dehydration, clarification and paraffin emulsion were done. Paraffin blocks were prepared and with microtome,sections were prepared 6 micron thickness. Then, these sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H & E). The sections of the tissue prepared with the Japan Nikon Optical Microscope, the Eclipse E600 model were examined and photographed. DNA damage was measured by alkaline comet assay. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 17, one-way analysis of variance and Duncan test at the level of 0.05 (mean ± SD). Based on the results, acute toxicity (LC50) was obtained at 0.6 mg/L concentration and chronic liver toxicity was obtained at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg / L. The Concentration of 0.5 mg/L treatment had the lowest levels of glucose in all of the three periodsections of experiment. Highest amounts of alanine aminotransferase, spartan transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were observed in 0.5 mg/L treatment for all of three experimental sections. The highest total protein and albumin and the lowest cholesterol in the control treatment were obtained. After examination of biochemical parameters of blood, the highest number of red blood cells was obtained in control treatment and the highest number of white blood cells was obtained in 0.5 mg /L treatment. Histological images showed that fish exposed to various concentrations of oxadiargyl herbicide obtained pathologic lesions in most tissues. The lowest levels of hematocrit and hemoglobin were obtained in 0.5 mg / L treatment. In the kidney, hemorrhage in the interstitial tissue, an increase in the number and size of melanomacrophage centers and coverage epithelium cells necrosis were observed in urinary tract tubes. In the liver, the centers of elanomacrophage increased with the myofibrils being separated, and glomeruli and corrugation were observed in most myofibrils. Based on the average DNA degradation results, the highest rate of degradation was observed in the subterminous concentration of 0.3 mg / L (20.5%).Pages
118pp.Degree
PhDPublisher or University
Islamic Azad University