A method of infrared spectrophotometry for very small quantity of fuel oil.
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Author
Obana, MitsuoDate
1978
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Show full item recordAbstract
Marine pollution, inter alia pollution by oil, now poses a great problem to us. Water pollution is caused by illegal throwing overboard of unnecessary oil, ballast water, tank cleaning water and the like from navigating vessels including tankers. To study this problem, it is an important investigation to identify the oil contained in the sample water in order to detect the source of such oil. This investigation is now carried out with a diffraction grating infrared spectrometeI. In case where the quantity of a sample oil is very small, it is difficult to identify,with the regular method by means of measuring infrared spectrum, the oil from the result of decrease in the absorption spectrum. Therefore, the method of measurement requires more sophisticated contrivance. Such being the case,the author has tested the minimum required quantity of sample oil by the regular method,and then has examined the following four different systems of measurement of smaller quantities. As the result he worked out a method to measure very small quantity of sample oil. (A) To measure by the regular method, using six kinds of aluminum spacer (thickness 0. 016 mm) for mask which is perforated in various size (8×20 mm, 8×10 mm, 8 x 5 mm, 4×20 mm, 4×10 mm, 4x5 mm) in order to prevent diffusion of oil, contrary to the usual purpose of the use of a spacer to increase thickness of oil. (B) To measure with a beam condenser Model B C-1, using 13 mmf NaCl cell (thickness about 3 mm) into which is bored a hole with a diameter of 1. 5 mm and a depth of about 1. 5 mm. (C) To measure by the beam condencer Model B C-1, using 5 mmf and 2 mmf KBr disk. (D) To measure by a diffusive reflection attachment Model DR-1, using a tray (inner diameter 12 mm, depth 1 mm) in which KBr powder and sample oil are put. From the measurement, the following results have been obtained. (1) The best result by method (A) was as follows. In case of no enlargement with percent transmission×1, the masking aluminum spacer perforated into 8×10 mm was good, when the minimum required quantity of sample oil was 0. 5 mg. In case of enlargement of percent transmission ×5, the adequate size of perforation was 4×5 mm and the minimum required quantity of sample oil was 0.1 mg. (2) The minimum required quantity of sample oil in the method (B) was 1. 0 mg in case of no enlargement. However, this method has a difficulty in putting a sample oil into the small hole of 13 mmf NaCl cell. (3) Measured infrared spectrum by the method (C) was unsatisfactory possibly due to the diffused reflection caused by the KBr disk. This method cannot be used for any coloured or opaque sample substance such as fuel oil. (4) The method (D) brought about the most satisfactory result from among those tests. The minimum required quantity of sample oil was 0.1 mg in case of no enlargement with percent transmission ×1. But, the minimum quantity of KBr powder required was 50 mg by taking into account the base area of the tray.Journal
Report of Hydrographic and Oceanographic ResearchesIssue/Article Nr
13Page Range
pp.179-193Resource/Dataset Location
https://www1.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/GIJUTSUKOKUSAI/KENKYU/report/rhr13/rhr13-12.pdf