Aplicación estadística en los bioensayos de toxicidad con sedimentos extraído del Estero Salado, canal de acceso al Puerto Marítimo de Guayaquil

Abstract

With the purpose of proving and determining in a short term the impact of the dredged material that can be caused by the organisms that inhabit the marine-estuary ecosystem, was performed toxicity bioassay of the sediment extracted from the bottom of the Salado Estuary. This sediment obstructs the access channels of the Marítime Port of Guayaquil. For this bioassay, was used white shrimp larvae of the species Litopenaeus vannamei, a commercially important organism that depends for its food on the organic detritus coming from the sediment and the column of estuary water in the studied area. The results obtained were analyzed applying the graphic arithmetic method and statistical analysis, through which it was determined that there is a direct relation between the concentrations and the organic effects with 95% certainty. The survival average of the organisms were obtained with the results of the performed test, the same which was statistiscally significant for all the analyzed samples. Through the Kurtosis test, it was observed that data had normal distribution. Furthermore, the Cochram test was used and it was determined that there is a homogeneity of the variances. No type of histopathological abnormality was found that could be considered significant. Furthermore, during and after the bioassay, the absence of pathogenic bacteria was observed. In the same way, the analysis for the white statin virus (WSSV) was negative.