Composición y variación estacional del fitoplancton, zooplancton y microbentos en el estuario interior del Golfo de Guayaquil, durante el año 2003

Abstract

El presente trabajo comprende el estudio de la distribution cualitativa y cuantitativa del fitoplancton en el Golfo de Guayaquil, durante dos épocas: Húmeda y seca. El propósito del presente trabajo con respecto al zooplankton está orientado a conocer los cambios en la composición, abundancia y diversidad del zooplancton y en particular el Phyllum Chaetognatha con el objetivo de relacionar la distribución de las especies de Quetognatos con los parámetros físicos. En lo relacionado al estudio del microbentos, se pretende estudiar la composición específica y la abundancia relativa de las especies de la microflora béntica y de la microfauna bentónica y su relación con factores ambientales.

The present work comprehends the study of the qualitative and quantitative distribution of the phytoplankton in the Gulf of Guayaquil, during two season: Winter and summer. There were identified 63 species in water samples and 79 species in samples with net of 50u in the community of the phytoplankton. The diatoms prevailed dominant and in smaller concentration the dinoflagellates, cianobacters flagellates and tintinnoids. The cell biomass was represented by Paralia sulcata and Skeletonema costatum, they were the most abundant species in all the area. In net samples of 50u the dominant species were: Polymyxus coronalis, Thalassiotrix frawenfeldii, Pseudonitzschia longissima y species benthics: Coscinodiscus perforatus y Cyclotella menenghiniana. The most biomass of zooplankton was registered at the 17 ava bright and the less productivity of zooplankton was registered at Daule River however it was observed a coexist a good diversity of zooplankton groups during season. Stablishment that the species of chaetognatha has a distributions variability in the space and temporal, during september was observed the hight diversity and destacated the most individual numbers density of S. peruviana, S. bodoti and S. neglecta at the Canal of Cascajal and Posorja areas. It was observed a broad distribution main of the species S. bedoti and S. neglecta in the Guayas river ecosystem where it was registered sporadic at 23 stations located near of Mondragon Island until the Canal of Cascajal. It was reported to first registered the species S. bedoti and S. neglecta at the stations denominated second of Perimetral bright and it is distribution continued until the Portete and 17 ava brights localized at interior ramal of Estero Salado during wet season. In the related to the study of the microbenthics, it is sought to study the composition of species and the relative abundance of the species of the benthics microflora and of the benthics microfauna and their relationship with environmental factors.