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Ensamblajes de peces arrecifales del área de Santa Marta y el Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona

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Author
Olaya-Restrepo, J.
Reyes-Nivia, M.C.
Rodríguez-Ramírez, A.
Date
2008

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Alternative Title
Reef fish assemblages in Santa Marta area and Tayrona National Natural Park.
Abstract
Los ensamblajes de peces arrecifales del área de Santa Marta y del Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona (PNNT) se caracterizaron a partir de la riqueza, diversidad, equitatividad, abundancia relativa (AR) y frecuencia de observación (FO) y se evaluó el posible efecto del PNNT sobre dichos atributos. La información se obtuvo en 20 estaciones mediante el censo de buceo errante (30 minutos). Se encontraron un total de 180 especies de peces. Los análisis de varianza indicaron que el PNNT al parecer ha tenido un efecto sobre la diversidad y equitatividad de especies (p< 0.05) mientras la riqueza es similar a lo largo del área estudiada. En términos de composición, se encontró que las dos zonas evaluadas presentan una moderada similaridad (Índice de Jaccard 0.69). No obstante, algunas familias como Serranidae, Haemulidae y Lutjanidae exhibieron diferencias en su composición de especies entre las zonas estudiadas. Los meros y pargos de gran tamaño se caracterizaron por presentar AR y FO bajas en ambas zonas y solamente se observaron diferencias entre especies pequeñas sin valor comercial. Estos resultados sugieren que si bien el PNNT puede favorecer la preservación de una alta diversidad de especies, las actividades de pesca deben ser controladas más eficazmente, de manera que la zona del parque promueva la protección y conservación de los recursos ícticos arrecifales más vulnerables a la pesca (meros-chernas y pargos).
Variables such as richness, diversity, evenness, relative abundance (RA), and sighting frequency (SF) were assessed in order to characterize reef fish assemblages in Santa Marta and Tayrona Natural National Park (TNNP). The effect of the TNNP protection on these attributes was evaluated. Data were registered in 20 sites by means of the roving diver technique (30 min). A total of 180 fish species were recorded. Analyses of variance revealed significant differences in diversity and evenness between zones (p< 0.05) indicating a TNNP protection effect, but not differences in richness. Species composition was moderately similar between the two zones (Jaccard Index 0.69). Nevertheless, families such as Serranidae, Haemulidae, and Lutjanidae showed differences in species composition between evaluated zones. Large groupers and snappers exhibited RA and SF considerably low at both protected and not protected zones. Differences were only recorded between small body size and non-target species. These results suggest that the TNNP can be facilitating the preservation of high species diversity, but fishing control systems should be more efficient in order to promote protection and conservation of more vulnerable reef fish populations (snappers and groupers).
Journal
Boletín de investigaciones marinas y costeras
Volume
37
Issue/Article Nr
1
Publisher or University
INVEMAR, Santa Marta (Colombia)
Resource/Dataset Location
http://www.invemar.org.co/siad/descarga.jsp?type=documento&id=845
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3507
Collections
3. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras

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