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Comparación temporal en la estructura de una comunidad coralina en primeros estados de sucesión, Isla de San Andrés, Colombia

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Author
Jaramillo-González, J.
Acosta, A.
Date
2009

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Alternative Title
Temporal comparison in the coral community structure in its early sucesional state San Andres Island, Colombia
Abstract
Los arrecifes coralinos del mundo han sufrido un declive durante las pasadas tres décadas. Estos cambios se han evaluado en arrecifes en franja; sin embargo, se desconoce si los tensores causantes de dichos cambios afectan la dinámica de una comunidad coralina en los primeros estados de la sucesión antes del desarrollo de un arrecife. Para resolver este interrogante, se monitoreó durante 2004, 2005 y 2006 una comuniddad coralina aislada en San Andrés. Se compararon temporalmente la abundancia, cobertura y mortalidad parcial sufrida por la comjnidad coralina y sus poblaciones de coral dominantes. La comunidad coralina no presentó variación estadística en riqueza, abundancia, cobertura, ni en área de mortalidad parcial. Sin embargo, esta comunidad si varió en composición con la entrada de dos especies de coral (Acropora cervicornis y Scolymia cubensis) y la salida de otras dos especies coralinas (Diplora clivosa y Siderastrea siderea) sugiriendo procesos locales de extinción (causados posiblemente por sedimentación y resuspensión) y colonización (dispersión). Aunque la comunidad coralina como un todo mostró estabilidad, la mortalidad parcial de tres de sus especies dominantes (Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides y Colpophyllia natanas) aumentó y la cobertura de Agaricia agaricites disminuyó en el tiempo (siendo la población más sensible en este sistema). Los resultados sugieren una dinámica similar pero más rápida a la registrada en etapas avanzadas de desarrollo arrecifal (arrecifes franjeantes), donde las variables más sensibles actúan a nivel de población (no comunidad), siendo la mortalidad parcial el factor más importante al explicar la tasa de recambio de especies (composición), la pérdida anual de cobertura coralina y cambios en la distribución de talla colonial de las poblaciones dominantes.
The coral reefs worldwide have suffered a decline during the past three decades. These changes have been evaluated in fringing reefs; nevertheless, it is not known if the factors causing those changes affect the coral community dynamics during the first states of the succession, before the development of a reef. To resolve this question, during 2004, 2005, and 2006 we monitored an isolated coral community in San Andrés. We compared trough time the abundance, coverage and partial mortality suffered by the coral community and its dominant coral populations. The Coral community did not present statistical variation in richness, abundance, coverage, neither in the area of partial mortality. However, this community did change in composition with the entry of two coral species (Acropora cervicornis and Scolmya cubensis) and the exit of other two coral species (Diploria clivosa and Siderastrea siderea) suggesting local processes of extinction (caused possibly by sedimentation and resuspensiion) and colonization (dispersion). Although the coral community as a whole showed stability, the partial mortality of three of its dominant species (Montastraea annularis, Porites astreoides and Colpophyllia natans) increased and the coverage of Agaricia agaricites diminished over time (been the population more sensitive in this system). These results suggest similar but faster dynamic when compared to the theory reported to advanced stages of reef development (fringing reefs), where the more sensitive variables appeared at populations rather than community level, partial mortality being the most important factor explaining the rate of replacement of species (composition), tha annual lost of coral coverage, and changes in colonial size distribution of the dominant populations.
Journal
Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras
Volume
38
Issue/Article Nr
2
Page Range
pp.29-53
Resource/Dataset Location
http://www.invemar.org.co/siad/descarga.jsp?type=documento&id=976
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3605
Collections
3. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras

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