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Corales, formaciones arrecifales y blanqueamiento de 1987 en Bahía Portete (Guajira, Colombia)
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Author
Solano-P., Oscar D.Date
1994
Metadata
Show full item recordAlternative Title
Coral reef formations and bleaching of 1987 in Bahia Portete (Guajira, Colombia)Abstract
Para el reconocimiento y caracterización de las formaciones arrecifales de Bahía Pórtete se visitaron un total de 22 estaciones entre junio de 1987 y enero de I988. Se registraron por primera vez Acropora cervicomis, Agaricia agaricites, Montastrea cavernosa, Diploría clivosa e Isophyllia sinuosa, elevando a 18 el número de especies de escleractinios de la bahía. El componente principal por su abundancia y diversidad de formas fue el hidrocoral Millepora alcicomis. Las formaciones arrecifales del área se concentran sobre los costados oeste y suroeste, sin llegar a constituirse en verdaderos arrecifes. Estructuralmente se discriminan dos tipos de formaciones: tipo 1 parches arrecifales y tipo 2 praderas de fanerógamas con colonias dispersas de M. alcicomis. Sobre este último tipo de formaciones los valores de densidad fluctuaron entre 6.6 y 35.5 colonias/m2. Adicionalmente se registró en octubre-noviembre de 1987 un extenso fenómeno de blanqueamiento que afectó principalmente a. M alcicomis, Porites astreoides y P. por/fes. Por lo menos seis especies de escleractinios y un hidrocoral mostraron blanqueamiento. En formaciones del tipo 2 un 25.9 % de las colonias resultó afectado.. La causa del blanqueamiento no pudo ser determinada con exactitud, pero se cree que el incremento de la temperatura del agua en octubre, unido a las condiciones típicamente turbias de la zona, provocaron la pérdida masiva de zooxantelas simbiontes. Eventos similares fueron registrados en ese año para la mayor parte del mar CaribeIn order to describe and characterize reef formation ¡n Bahia Pórtete, a survey was conducted between June 1987 and January 1988 in wich a total of 22 stations were visited. Acropora cervicomis, Agaricia agaricites, Montastrea cavernosa, Diploría clivosa and Isophyllia sinuosa, were recorded for the first time amounting to 18 trie number of scleractinian species for the bay. The principal component of the coral formations was the hydrocoral Millepora alcicomis due to its abundance and morphological diversity. Reef formations in the área are concentrated on the west and southwest side, not massive enough, however, to be considered real framework reefs. Structuraly two kinds of formations were discriminated: type 1, reef patches, and type 2, seagrass beds with dispersed colonies. Density of colonies was estimated for this latler type ranging between 6.6 and 35.5 colonies/m². Aditionally, an extensive bleaching phenomenon was observed in October-November 1987, that affected mainly Millepora alcicornis, Porites astreoides and Porites porites. At least six scleractinian species and one hydrocoral showed bleaching. In type 2 formations 25.9% of colonies was affected. Exact causes for bleaching could not be determined but it is believed that high temperatures in those months together with normal turbid conditions in the area resulted in massive loss of simbionts zooxanthellae. Similar events were registred for most part of the Caribbean sea in 1987.
Journal
Anales del Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Punta BetínVolume
23Publisher or University
Santa Marta (Colombia), INVEMAR