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La comunidad fitoplanctónica durante eventos de surgencia y no surgencia, en la zona costera del Departamento del Magdalena, Caribe colombiano

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Author
Ramírez-Barón, J.S.
Franco-Herrera, A.
García-Hoyos, L.M.
López, D.A.
Date
2010

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Alternative Title
Phytoplankton communities during upwelling and non-upwelling events, in the Magdalena coastal zone, Colombian Caribbean
Abstract
Se evaluaron algunos atributos estructurales de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en las ensenadas de Granate y Gaira y bahía de Taganga, con el fin de establecer su respuesta a cambios en la dinámica oceanográfica, modulada por pulsos de surgencia y no surgencia en la zona costera del departamento del Magdalena, Caribe colombiano, en el período comprendido entre febrero-junio de 2008, correspondiente a época seca mayor y lluviosa menor. La velocidad del viento indicó la división de dos períodos febrero- abril (en presencia de surgencia: S) y junio-julio (no surgencia: NS) de 2008. Para cada período (S-NS), se identificaron en total 51-47 géneros distribuidos en 29-28 familias, correspondiendo el 78.23-86.19 % a diatomeas céntricas, el 16.68-9.47 % a diatomeas pennadas, el 4.57-3.78 % a cianobacterias y cerca del 0.5-0.55 % a dinoflagelados, flagelados y clorófitas. Los géneros con mayor abundancia fueron Chaetoceros (colonial) y Skeletonema (colonial) alcanzando una abundancia relativa de 47-19.57 % y 8.13-60.93 %, respectivamente, con densidades superiores a 2000 cel/L. Las concentraciones de clorofila a ostentaron valores bajos a lo largo de las sesiones en estudio, pasando de 0.72 ± 0.47 mg/m3 durante S, a 0.15 ± 0.15 mg/m3 en NS. El Índice de Actividad Fotosintética (IAF1) de 6.34 ± 5.34, indica una alta calidad de los pigmentos o el poco pastoreo por parte del zooplancton, representando entonces un estado fisiológico óptimo en condiciones de S. En contraste, el bajo valor promedio del IAF1 de 0.52 ± 0.84 propio del período de NS, indica un amplio declive en el estado fisiológico de la comunidad fitoplanctónica. Se evidenció un patrón de segregación temporal definido por la densidad celular de 22142.23 ± 15236.72 cel/L y 13588.58 ± 12604.455 cel/L para períodos de S y NS, respectivamente. La temperatura superficial del mar, salinidad y concentración de nitratos (0-60 m de profundidad), fueron las variables que mejor representaron la variabilidad de los períodos climáticos e influenciaron significativamente la estructura de la comunidad fitoplanctónica.
The phytoplankton community structural attributes were evaluated in Granate and Gaira inlets and Taganga Bay in order to establish the community´s response to changes in oceanographic dynamics modulated by upwelling and non-upwelling processes throughout the coastal waters of the Magdalena region, Colombian Caribbean, between February and June of 2008, during the main dry and short rainy seasons. Average wind speed divided in the research period in two seasons: February-April (upwelling: S) and June-July (non upwelling: NS) of 2008. In each period (upwelling and non-upwelling), 51-47 genera were identified distributed in 29-28 families, corresponding 78.23-86.19 % to centric diatoms, 16.68-9.47 % to pennate diatoms, 4.57-3.78 %) to cyanobacteria and about 0.50-0.55 %) to dinoflagellates, flagellates, and chlorophyta. The most abundant genera were Chaetoceros (colonial) and Skeletonema (colonial) with a relative abundance of 47-19.57 % and 8.13-60.93 %, respectively, and densities greater than 2000 cel/L. Chlorophyll a concentrations showed low values in this study from 0.72 ± 0.47 ng/m3 during S until 0.15 ± 0.15 mg/m3 during NS. The photosynthetic activity index (IAF1) of 6.34 ± 5.34 indicates either high pigment quality or low zooplankton grazing, representing an optimal phytoplankton physiological state during periods of S. In contrast, the IAF1 low average value of 0.52 ± 0.84 at BS ubducates a wide decline in the phytoplankton community's physiological state. A temporal segregation pattern was defined by cell densities from 22142.23 ± 15236.72 cel/L, for S and NS periods, respectively. Tempperature, salinity, and nitrate concentration (0-60 m depth), were the variables that represented the most seasonal changes, and affected the phytoplankton community structure.
Journal
Boletín de investigaciones marinas y costeras
Volume
39
Issue/Article Nr
2
Publisher or University
INVEMAR, Santa Marta (Colombia)
Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4018
Collections
3. Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras

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