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Identificación y evaluación de los impactos ambientales en las zonas de plataforma marino costera I, II y III. Zonas de Gestión I y II.

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Author
Rivas-Rodríguez, L.
Martínez-Iglesias, J. C.
Sánchez-Noda, R.
Areces-Mallea, A. J.
Rodríguez-Quintana, Y.
Date
2011

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Alternative Title
Identification and assessment of environmental impacts in coastal-marine shelf zones I, II and III. Management Zones I and II.
Abstract
Conocer como el hombre ha impactado las zonas de plataforma marino costera I, II y III, es el principal objetivo del presente trabajo. Se inventariaron y evaluaron un total de 382 impactos, de ellos 302 eran negativos, 74 positivos y 6 neutros. Dichos impactos estaban recogidos en 11 Estudios de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental. Es importante aclarar que los resultados obtenidos se restringen solo a la información contenida en estos estudios. Para la evaluación se empleó la Matriz de Evaluación Rápida de Impactos Ambientales (RIAM). Los resultados permitieron establecer que los impactos ambientales negativos residuales más importantes fueron: afectación a la fauna, a los ecosistemas marino – costeros, al suelo, al hábitat natural, a las aguas terrestres (superficiales y subterráneas) y la visual del paisaje. Son diversas las acciones o causas que provocaron dichos impactos. Los factores ambientales más afectados fueron: la fauna, los ecosistemas, el suelo, las aguas terrestres y el paisaje estético. La huella ambiental del sector Turismo se consideró la más significativa, correspondiéndole la mayor cantidad de impactos ambientales negativos residuales importantes. Las subzonas 9, 16 y 19, fueron las más afectadas, registrando la mayor cantidad de esos impactos. Los resultados permitieron demostrar que la intervención humana ha provocado en estas zonas un considerable costo ambiental con afectaciones en el segmento físico natural, el cual resulta superior al ser comparado con los beneficios económicos registrados por el resto de los componentes, pudiéndose concluir que el hombre ha afectado de forma negativa las zonas de plataforma objetos de estudio.
The main objective of the present work is to know how man has impacted the coastal-marine shelf zones I, II and III. A total of 382 impacts were inventoried and evaluated, 302 of which were classified as negative, 74 positives and 6 neutral. These impacts were comprised in 11 Environmental Impact Assessment Studies. It is important to clarify that the results obtained are restricted only to the information contained in these studies. The Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) methodology was used for the evaluation. Results allowed establishing that the most important residual environmental impacts were those on fauna, coastal–marine ecosystems, soils, natural habitats, terrestrial (both superficial and ground) waters and landscape continuity. These impacts were generated by diverse actions or causes. The most affected environmental factors were fauna, ecosystems, soils, terrestrial waters and aesthetic landscape. The environmental footprint of tourism sector is considered the most significant, corresponding to this sector most of the important negative residual environmental impacts. Sub-zones 9, 16 and 19 were the most affected, reporting the highest number of these impacts. Results allowed demonstrating that man’s intervention in those zones brought about a significant environmental cost with impacts on the natural physical segment components, which is higher when comparing it to the economic benefits reported by the rest of the components. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that man has negatively affected the shelf zones object of study.
Journal
Serie Oceanológica
Issue/Article Nr
8
Publisher or University
Instituto de Oceanología
Resource/Dataset Location
http://oceanologia.redciencia.cu/articulos/articulo81.pdf
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4056
Collections
1. Serie Oceanológica

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