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El análisis del ciclo de vida en la cuantificación de desechos de dos productos elaborados a partir de langosta

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Author
Cruz Núñez, G.
Date
2010

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Alternative Title
The Life Cycle Assessment as a tool to the characterization of two products made from the Cuban lobster
Abstract
El Análisis del Ciclo de Vida (ACV) es un método para analizar y evaluar los efectos y cargas ambientales causados por un producto, proceso o actividad durante su ciclo de vida completo “de la cuna a la tumba”, constituye una herramienta integral orientada hacia el producto y analiza las consecuencias potenciales que el mismo pueda causar para el medio ambiente a lo largo de su ciclo de vida. En el trabajo se realiza, de manera preliminar, el ACV a dos productos elaborados a partir de la langosta en Cuba: Langosta Entera Precocinada (LEP) y Langosta Cola Congelada (LCC), mediante la metodología sugerida por la Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), 1991. El período de estudio es 2000-2005. Se realiza un análisis de costo/beneficio durante el ciclo de vida de ambos productos, obteniéndose un costo de producción por producto de 13,58 millones USD - LEP y 7,70 millones USD - LCC, para 38,42 y 21,79 % respectivamente de renta/ingreso. Se determinan los volúmenes de desechos y subproductos generados en el período estudiado, reportándose un promedio de 5 591,79 t anuales (4 607,6 t de aguas de cocción; 913,36, exoesqueleto y 70,76, hepatopáncreas). Se propone, como alternativa de reutilización para estos subproductos, la elaboración de productos de alto valor agregado como: sopas, saborizantes, cremas, salsas con diferentes formulaciones, consomé, pasta en conserva.
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a method to analyze and assess the impact and environmental burdens caused by a product, process or activity during their whole life cycle “from cradle to grave”. It is an integral tool oriented to the product and analyzes the potential consequences it might cause to the environment throughout their life cycle. The work includes the preliminary LCA of two products made from the Cuban Lobster: Lobster Whole Pre-cooked (LEP) and Frozen Lobster Tail (LCC) through the methodology suggested by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), 1991. The study period is 2000-2005. A cost/benefit analysis is carried out during the life cycle of both products and the production cost was 13,58 millions USD for LEP and 7,70 millions USD for LCC. Those results amounted 38,42 % and 21,79 % of income respectively. The volumes of waste and by-products generated in the studied period were determined, reported an average of 5 591,79 t annually (4 607,6 t of cooking water, 913,36 of exoskeleton and 70,76 of hepatopancreas). An alternative to reuse those products is proposed, developing high value added products such as soups, flavourings, creams, sauces with different formulations, consommé, and canned pasta.
Journal
Revista cubana de investigaciones pesqueras
Volume
27
Issue/Article Nr
1
Publisher or University
Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4101
Collections
Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Pesqueras

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