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Captura de peces en el golfo de Guacanayabo, plataforma suroriental de Cuba.

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Author
Ventura-Flores, Arlen
Giménez-Hurtado, Enrique
Valle-Gómez, Servando
Pérez-Prohenza, Maximiliano
Date
2021

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Alternative Title
Fish catches in the Gulf of Guacanayabo, southeastern shelf of Cuba.
Abstract
La captura de peces en la plataforma suroriental de Cuba (Zona A) se realiza por diferentes flotas que utilizan diversos artes de pesca, debido al alto número de especies de esta región. Se utilizaron los datos de captura del 2008 hasta el 2018 de las embarcaciones estatales que operan en las subzonas de la Empresa Pesquera Industrial de Granma (EPIGRAN) y los correspondientes al aprovechamiento de la fauna acompañante de la captura de camarón (AFAC). Estas utilizan artes de pesca tales como chinchorro (bolapié y boliche), palangre, redes de enmalle y chinchorro de arrastre camaroneros. Se determinó el impacto causado por las diferentes flotas sobre el recurso peces y, particularmente, sobre las principales especies de interés económico de la ictiofauna del golfo de Guacanayabo. La flota que utiliza el chinchorro es la que mayor impacto ejerce sobre la ictiofauna del Golfo, cobrando mayor importancia la red de enmalle en los dos últimos años. Existen altas capturas en especies de bajo valor comercial como el machuelo (Opisthonema oglinum), y el grupo pataos y mojarras (Diapterus rhombeus y Gerridae), mientras que ocurrió una disminución en la captura de algunos de los grupos de especies consideradas de alto interés comercial en este Golfo, tales como los batoideos, biajaiba (Lutjanus synagris), pargo criollo (Lutjanus analis) y sierra-serruchos (Scomberomorus spp.). La pesquería de camarón, aunque al final del período 2008-2018 no capturó altos volúmenes, resultó la flota que durante todo el período ejerció mayor presión sobre el grupo de los batoideos y biajaiba.
The catch of fishes in the southeastern platform of Cuba (Zone A) is carried out by different fleets that use different fishing gears, due to the high number of species in this region. Catch data from 2008 to 2018 of the state vessels that operate in the sub-areas of the Granma Fishing Industrial Enterprise (EPIGRAN) and those corresponding to the use of the accompanying fauna of the shrimp catch (AFAC) were used. They use fishing gear such as dinghy (bolapié and boliche), longlines, gillnets and shrimp trawlers. The impact caused by the different fleets on the fish resource and, particularly, on the main species of economic interest of the ichthyofauna of the Gulf of Guacanayabo was determined. The fleet that uses the dinghy is the one that exerts the greatest impact on the ichthyofauna of the Gulf, with the gillnet becoming more important in the last two years. There are high catches of species of low commercial value such as the Thread herring (Opisthonema oglinum), and the group of mojarras (Diapterus rhombeus and Gerridae), while there was a decrease in the catch of some of the groups of species considered of high commercial interest in this Gulf, such as batoids, lane snapper (Lutjanus synagris), mutton snapper (Lutjanus analis) and sierra-serruchos (Scomberomorus spp.). The shrimp fishery, although at the end of the 2008- 2018 period did not catch high volumes, was the fleet that throughout the period exerted the greatest pressure on the group of batoids and lane snapper.
Journal
Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Pesqueras
Volume
38
Issue/Article Nr
2
Page Range
pp.88-96
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/42129
Collections
Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Pesqueras

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