Marine spatial planning, a step-by-step approach towards ecosystem-based management.

Abstract

Step 1 Identifying need and establishing authority Introduction 26 Task 1: Identifying why you need marine spatial planning 26 Task 2: Establishing appropriate authority for marine spatial planning 27 Action 1: Authority to plan for marine spatial planning 27 Action 2: Authority to implement marine spatial planning 30 Step 2 Obtaining financial support Introduction 32 Task 1: Identifying alternative financing mechanisms 32 Task 2: Defining the feasibility of alternative funding mechanisms 34 Step 3 Organizing the process through pre-planning Introduction 36 Task 1: Creating the marine spatial planning team 37 Task 2: Developing a work plan 38 Task 3: Defining boundaries and timeframe 39 Action 1: Defining boundaries 38 Action 2: Defining the time frame 39 Task 4: Defining principles 40 Task 5: Defining goals and objectives 41 Task 6: Identifying risks and developing contingency plans 42 Step 4 Organizing stakeholder participation Introduction 43 Task 1: Defining who should be involved in marine spatial planning 44 Task 2: Defining when to involve stakeholders 45 Task 3: Defining how to involve stakeholders 47 Step 5 Defining and analyzing existing conditions Introduction 49 Task 1: Collecting and mapping information about ecological, environmental and oceanographic conditions 50 Task 2: Collecting and mapping information about human activities 55 Task 3: Identifying current conflicts and compatibilities 57 Step 6 Defining and analyzing future conditions Introduction 63 Task 1: Projecting current trends in the spatial and temporal needs of existing human activities 64 Task 2: Estimating spatial and temporal requirements for new demands of ocean space 65 Task 3: Identifying possible alternative futures for the planning area 66 Task 4: Selecting the preferred spatial sea use scenario 68 Step 7 Preparing and approving the spatial management plan Introduction 71 Task 1: Identifying alternative spatial and temporal management measures, incentives, and institutional arrangements 73 Task 2: Specifying criteria for selecting marine spatial management measures 76 Task 3: Developing the zoning plan 76 Task 4: Evaluating the spatial management plan 79 Task 5: Approving the spatial management plan 80 Step 8 Implementing and enforcing the spatial management plan Introduction 83 Task 1: Implementing the spatial management plan 83 Task 2: Ensuring compliance with the spatial management plan 84 Task 3: Enforcing the spatial management plan 85 Step 9 Monitoring and evaluating performance Introduction 86 Task 1: Developing the performance monitoring program 87 Action 1: Re-confirming the objectives 87 A Step-by-Step Approach toward Ecosystem-based Management – MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING 5 Action 2: Agreeing on outcomes to measure 87 Action 3: Identifying key performance indicators to monitor 88 Action 4: Determining baseline data on indicators 88 Action 5: Selecting outcome targets 89 Task 2: Evaluating performance monitoring data 90 Task 3: Reporting results of performance evaluation 91 Step 10 Adapting the marine spatial management process Introduction 92 Task 1: Reconsidering and redesigning the marine spatial planning program 92 Task 2: Identifying applied research needs 93 Task 3: Starting the next round of marine spatial planning 94 References 96