Coastal Ecosystems

Abstract

The coastal forest communities of Kenya exist mainly as isolated blocks which show high levels of species endemism and comprise a total of about 83,800ha in a narrow belt which extends inland for about 30km. The forests are characterized by dense or moderately dense stands of tall trees, species of the genera Sterculia, Chlorophora and Memecylon. The drier woodlands include stands of Cynometra, Manilkara and Afzelia. Centuries of human occupation have reduced the forest element which was originally more extensive. Mangrove swamps occur in tidal estuaries and lagoons while coconut palms are common above high tide. A complex of many bush types occur in the high bush area. Scattered baobab trees present a striking appearance while the prevalence of mango trees underlines long human occupation of the more productive areas.