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Etat de la bionomie benthique des étages infra et circalittoral du Golfe de Gabes.

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Author
Ben Mustapha, Karim
Hattour, Abdallah
Mhetli, Mohamed
El Abed, Amor
Tritar, B.
Date
1999

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Alternative Title
State of the benthic communities from the infra and circalittoral levels of the Gulf of Gabes
Abstract
Several marine surveys conducted since 1988, including in particular 3 marine prospecting campaigns in 1990, 1991 and 1992, allow the visit by scuba diving of 143 stations in the Gulf of Gabes. As a result, we draw up both a review of the bottom substratum and the state of the Posidonia oceanica meadows. The analysis of their distribution, according to the depth and the type of substratum, as well as the comparison of few characteristics of their phenology with other Mediterranean stations, constitutes the main axis of this study. The whole prospecting reveal an impressive degradation and regression of the meadows area coverage, except few rare littoral stations (mainly on the western coasts of Djerba). We were also concerned by the absence of Cymodocea nodosa, Zostera nolti, and Caulerpa prolifera. Besides, we also draw up the inventory of the most remarkable macrobenthic species of the Gulf of Gabes and identified the main type substratum and bottoms. Qualitative transformations which occur in this area were also analysed. These major changes are the results of the global silting up of the substratum of the gulf which, with other factors such as the abiotic ones, further an abnormal transgression of the upper limit of the circalittoral level.
Plusieurs missions de terrains menees depuis 1988, dont 3 campagnes de prospections marines en 1990, 1991 et 1992, ont permis de prospecter en plongee a l'aide de scaphandres autonomes 143 stations dans le golfe de Gabes. Ce travail nous a donne l'occasion de dresser un bilan de la nature des fonds et de l'etat de l'herbier a Posidonia oceanica. L'analyse de la distribution de cet herbier par rapport a la profondeur et au type de substrat et la comparaison de quelques parametres de sa phenologie avec d'autres stations mediterraneennes constituent les axes les plus importants de cette etude. L'ensemble des prospections revele une degradation et une regression impressionnante de son etendue, a l'exception de quelques rares stations littorales (notamment sur la cote ouest de Djerba). Notre attention a ete aussi attiree par l'absence presque totale de Cymodocea nodosa, Zostera nolti et de Caulerpa prolifera. Par ailleurs, nous avons pu dresser l'inventaire des especes du macrobenthos les plus remarquables du golfe de Gabes et identifier les types de fonds et de substrats les plus repandus. Nous avons aussi analyse les transformations qualitatives qui ont eu lieu dans cette region. Ces changements majeurs sont les resultats d'un envasement generalise des substrats du golfe de Gabes qui, associe a d'autres facteurs abiotiques notamment, favorisent une transgression anormale de la limite superieure de l'etage circalittoral.
Journal
Bulletin de l'Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer
Volume
26
Page Range
pp. 5-48
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/8822
Collections
Articles - Bulletin

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