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Purificación y caracterización de la α-amilasa del hepatopáncreas de la langosta espinosa Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804).

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Tesis maestría Casuso, Antonio.pdf
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Author
Casuso Cabrera, Antonio
Date
2016

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Abstract
Estudios en diferentes grupos de animales apuntan a que el polimorfismo en las enzimas amilolíticas está relacionado con el desempeño de los organismos en cautiverio. Aunque se ha sugerido que el efecto del polimorfismo se debe fundamentalmente a diferencias en los niveles de expresión génica, también se ha podido demostrar que el efecto en las amilasas se debe a las características bioquímicas de las mismas. Los estudios derivados de la purificación y caracterización de las diferentes isoformas presentes en una misma especie de crustáceo, podrían contribuir al conocimiento de la fisiología digestiva de estos invertebrados. Hasta la fecha, la mayoría de los estudios que purifican y caracterizan las α-amilasas en los crustáceos en general, no solo son insuficientes, sino que en su mayoría datan de más de tres décadas y no abordan las causas o el significado biológico del polimorfismo encontrado para estas enzimas. Combinando cromatografía de gel filtración e intercambio aniónico se purificó por primera vez la isoforma de menor movilidad con un peso molecular relativo de 60 kDa, a partir del hepatopáncreas de la langosta. Se obtuvo un factor de purificación de 1144 y un grado de pureza de 75,3%. La enzima alcanza el máximo valor de actividad a pH 5.5, 0,3 M de NaCl y 25 mM CaCl2. Con el aumento de la temperatura (de 25 a 55ºC) se incrementa la actividad enzimática, mientras que la estabilidad en el tiempo se ve comprometida por encima de los 30ºC. Usando el CNP-G3 como sustrato la Km es de 0,36 ± 0.052 mM, con Vmax de 0.56 ± 0.024 mM mL-1min-1 y kcat de 28.42 ± 1.203 s-1. Se demuestra que esta proteína puede dar lugar a dos isoenzimas en algunos individuos por glicosilación.
Studies in different groups of animals indicate that the polymorphism in amylolytic enzymes is related to the performance of the organisms in captivity. Although it has been suggested that the effect of polymorphism is primarily due to differences in gene expression levels, it has also been shown that the effect on amylases is due to their biochemical characteristics. The studies derived from the purification and characterization of the different isoforms present in the same species of crustacean, could contribute to the knowledge of the digestive physiology of these invertebrates. To date, most of the studies that purify and characterize α-amylases in crustaceans in general are not only insufficient, but mostly date back to more than three decades and do not approach the causes or biological significance of the polymorphism found for these enzymes. Combining gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography the lower mobility isoform with a relative molecular weight of 60 kDa was purified from the digestive gland of the lobster for the first time. A purification factor of 1144 and a yield of 75.3% was obtained. The enzyme reaches the maximum activity value at pH 5.5, 0.3 M NaCl and 25 mM CaCl2. With the increase in temperature (from 25 to 55 ° C), enzymatic activity increases, while stability over time is compromised above 30 ° C. Using the CNP-G3 as a substrate the Km is 0.36 ± 0.052 mM, with Vmax of 0.56 ± 0.024 mM mL-1min-1 and kcat of 28.42 ± 1203 s-1. It is shown that this protein can gives rise to two isoenzymes in some individuals by glycosylation but not by limited proteolysis.
Pages
75pp.
Degree
Masters
Publisher or University
Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/9864
Collections
2. Tesis CIM-UH

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